Mostly Microbes and Infection

  Highlights • Impairment of circadian rhythm by long-term rest-phase time-restricted feeding (TRF) induces bone loss and gut microbiota dysbiosis in male mice • TRF feeding mice showed a decreased  Muribaculaceae  and propionate in feces • Muribaculaceae  abundance level is positively correlated with bone mass • Fecal microbiota transplantation from TRF donors to germ-free recipients leaded to increased Th17 cell populations • Increased Th17 cell populations enhanced osteomorphs fusion by RANKL-RANK-OPG signaling pathway • Osteomorphs fusion into osteoclasts resulted in bone loss

  Highlights • Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans  is a causative agent of periodontitis. • Fimbriae are key modulators of  A. actinomycetemcomitans  virulence. • Fimbriae drive aggregation, colonization, immune evasion and pathogenicity. • Fimbriae limit bacterial vesicle and extracellular cytoplasmic protein release. • Fimbriae are key therapeutic targets to control periodontal disease.

  Highlights • Glutathione biosynthesis is required for GSH production in  A. baumannii • Loss of GSH impairs stress resistance and motility • gshA, gshB , and  gsnoR  mutants are sensitive to nitrosative stress and impaired in biofilm formation • GSH deficiency alters expression of pili, siderophore, and metabolic genes • Exogenous GSH or GSH-containing media restores biofilm formation in mutants

  Summary Background Quantifying human health impacts throughout plastics lifecycles can inform global action against pollution that promotes sustainability across environmental, economic, and health concerns. Methods We combined material flow analysis, using the Plastics-to-Ocean model, with lifecycle assessment (LCA) to quantitatively compare disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with plastics lifecycles, under different global consumption and waste management scenarios between 2016 and 2040. We estimated global health effects of greenhouse gases, particulate matter, and specific chemical emissions associated with plastics commonly found in municipal solid waste (approximately 64% of global plastics production), from their production, transportation, recycling, end-of-life fates, and those associated with illustrative alternative single-use materials and glass reuse systems. Direct health effects of exposure to chemicals during product use and microplastics and nanopl...

  Highlights • Extreme temperatures caused dysbiosis in lung and gut of mice. • Low temperature affects pentanoic and butyric acid production in mice. • High temperature promotes intestinal inflammation in mice. • Extreme temperatures altered the proteome profile and pathways in the lung and gut of mice.

  Highlights • H5-naive individuals show low but detectable A/Texas/37/2024-neutralizing IgG • Mapping of H5 serum neutralization among 76 historical and recent influenza A strains • Isolation of H5/H1 cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting the HA stem • H5-neutralizing monoclonals protect mice from lethal H5N1 challenge  in vivo

  Highlights • The lipoprotein-specific signal peptidase LspA is essential in  Pseudomonas aeruginosa • LspA depletion compromises membrane integrity and increases antibiotic susceptibility • A gain-of-function mutation in  amgS  supports growth under LspA-limiting conditions • The membrane proteins HtpX and YccA are required for AmgRS-mediated rescue