Mostly Microbes and Infection - by David Ojcius

Highlights • Long-term organic-free enrichment with hydrothermal sulfide/iron-rich sediment successfully constructed diverse sulfur-oxidizing communities. • 36 potential sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (including 10 novel species) were isolated from the mineral-enriched community. • Sulfitobacter  sp. L-8 and  Roseovarius  sp. B-10 achieved 68%–93% thiosulfate consumption and mediated diverse and significant mineral transformation. • This study connects microbial sulfur-oxidizing metabolisms with sulfide weathering, expanding insights into microbial roles in sulfide mineral weathering and utilization. • SOB act as key drivers of sulfide transformation, biogeochemical cycling and energy dynamics in deep-sea hydrothermal vents ecosystems.

  Highlights • High rhizosphere microbial diversity improves soybean performance under drought • Diversity-triggered 2-naphthoic acid accumulates under drought stress • Sinorhizobium  CS204 senses 2-naphthoic acid via chemoreceptors and ABC transporters • S .CS204-metabolite synergy boosts nitrogen cycling and plant drought tolerance

  Highlights • Microbiota-driven inflammation and lipid uptake drive intestinal ILC3 lipotoxicity • Inflammatory signaling suppresses fatty acid oxidation in ILC3s but not Th17 cells • ILC3-specific immunometabolic vulnerability is conserved in intestine of mice and human • HFD-mediated intestinal ILC3 depletion is reversible upon dietary normalization

  Highlights • A global atlas and biogeography of human bacterial pathogens in soils are reported • Dominant human bacterial pathogens are more abundant in wet ecosystems worldwide • Soil biodiversity is negatively associated with the prevalence of human pathogens • Many dominant pathogens are likely to increase their proportion in future climates

  Highlights • Bacteria were more abundant in coco coir, particularly in stationary clinostats • Pseudomonadota  and  Actinomycetota  phyla were abundant under simulated gravity • Biomarkers were highest in horizontal clinostats' coco coir under simulated gravity • The GT2 and GT4 classes of glycosyl transferases were abundant in coco-coir samples • The top four antibiotic resistance genes were  adeF, vanY, vanT , and  qacG

  Highlights • Unexplored source of microorganisms with antibacterial activity; • New species of  Bacillus  sp. with activity against multidrug-resistant  K. pneumoniae ; • Potential chemical and molecular novelty of antibacterial compounds based on genome mining.