The Foods That Fight Inflammation
Chronic inflammation can be a silent killer, but your diet can play a role in tamping it down.
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Molecular basis for anti-jumbo phage immunity by AVAST type 5
Highlights • Avs5 is activated at the early phage infection vesicle • Avs5 hydrolyzes NAD + to block jumbo phage nucleus formation • Divergent Avs5 clades sense JADA to inhibit jumbo phage infection • JADA is an essential early phage protein with a novel protein fold
Ketogenic diet alleviates septic lung injury via microbial gut-lung axis
Highlights • Ketogenic diet (KD) alleviates sepsis-induced lung injury via the gut microbiota • KD-enriched lactobacilli produce azelaic acid (AZA) that migrates to sepsis lung • Lung AZA induces MerTK + macrophages via PPAR-γ toward efferocytosis • AZA associates with improved clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis
Divergent tumor immunity determined by bacteria-cancer cell engagement
Highlights • Intratumor bacteria promote breast cancer metastatic recurrence in a preclinical model • Cytosolic bacteria induce immune suppressive neutrophils via cGAS-STING-IL-17B • Intra- and extracellular bacteria can play opposite roles in determining neutrophil states • A bacteria invasion signature is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients
The differential impact of three different NAD+ boosters on circulatory NAD and microbial metabolism in humans
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) and its phosphorylated form NADP(H) are vitamin B 3 -derived redox cofactors essential for numerous metabolic reactions and protein modifications. Various health conditions are associated with disturbances in NAD + homeostasis. To restore NAD + levels, the main biosynthetic pathways have been targeted, with nicotinamide (Nam), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) being the most prominent boosters. However, while many preclinical studies have examined the effects of these precursors, a direct comparison in humans is lacking, and recent rodent research suggests that the NAD + -boosting effects of NR and NMN may depend on their microbial conversion to nicotinic acid (NA), a mechanism not yet confirmed in humans. Here we show in a randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled study in 65 healthy participants that 14 days of supplementation with NR and NMN, but not Nam, comparably increases circulatory NAD + ...
Integrated Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Regional Style Differences in Maotai-Flavour Baijiu
Highlights • MT is dominated by Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus. • MT has high ester, JS features elevated aldehydes, reflecting regional sensory. • Saccharomyces and Pichia correlate with esters.
Tn4401/Tn7247 transposon-derived structures driving the cross-transmission of blaKPC among plasmids and chromosomes in clinical carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Highlights • A significant proportion (∼11%) of bla KPC genes were chromosome-integrated in P. aeruginosa . • Tn 4401 /Tn 7247 -like structures were the major transposons mobilizing bla KPC . • Tn 4401 - and Tn 7247 -like structures differed in geographic distribution and plasmid/chromosome localization. • IS 26 and IS 6100 formed prevalent chimeric structures with truncated transposons to mobilize bla KPC . • Integrative mobilizable elements (IMEs) facilitated inter-cellular transfer of chromosomal bla KPC .