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Therapeutic challenges and Emerging Strategies against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

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  Highlights • Therapeutic Landscape Evolution : Current FDA-approved triple regimens feature sulbactam-durlobactam (SUL-DUR), the siderophore cephalosporin cefiderocol (FDC), and eravacycline. Zosurabalpin remains in Phase I evaluation, while  Acinetobacter baumannii  prophylactic vaccines are still undergoing preclinical development. • CRAB Treatment Paradigms : SUL-DUR combination therapy emerges as a promising first-line therapeutic candidate for critically ill patients with carbapenem-resistant  Acinetobacter baumannii  (CRAB) infections. FDC demonstrates pivotal potential in multidrug-resistant pathogen co-therapy frameworks through its innovative iron-transport mechanism. • Strategic Interventions : Dual-track approaches are imperative: 1) Accelerating CRAB-targeted drug development through priority review pathways, implementing adaptive clinical trial designs, and establishing dynamic risk management-based post-marketing surveillance systems; 2) Strength...
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Large-scale metaproteomics of human gut microbiota reveals microbial functions in metabolic diseases and aging

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  Highlights • A single-cohort metaproteomics study of 1,967 fecal samples • Associations of gut metaproteome with 44 phenotypes • Microbial functional shifts associated with aging, metabolic diseases, and drugs • Megasphaera elsdenii  may contribute to blood glucose regulation
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How are kefir microbial communities and product characteristics maintained in industrial production?

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  Highlights • The flavor, nutritional, and probiotic properties of kefir are intrinsically linked to its distinctive microbial communities. • Both traditional and modern production methods of kefir exhibit certain inherent limitations. • Synthetic kefir microbial communities and kefir-like starter cultures have been proposed as innovative production approaches for kefir.
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Proteomics of long-term acclimation of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 in perchlorate-rich medium and its implications for in situ resource utilization on Mars

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  Highlights • Proteome analysis supports  Chroococcidiopsis  sp. 029 for ISRU on Mars. • Perchlorates induce enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants responses. • Perchlorates activate secondary metabolism and polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis. • Chroococcidiopsis  sp. 029 harbors methylotrophic potential for life support systems.
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Immune-microbiome coordination defines interferon setpoints in healthy humans

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  Highlights • Comprehensive multi-omic analysis of the immune system and microbiome in healthy humans • Major axes of immune variation are driven by interferon response signatures • Specific immune cell states are coordinated with microbiome pathways and metabolites • Coordinated immune and microbiome features are stable within individuals over time
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The complex interplay between hepatitis D virus and the interferon response

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  Highlights • HDV triggers innate immune sensing but largely escapes interferon-mediated control • Nuclear replication limits HDV exposure to antiviral interferon-stimulated genes • HDV selectively impairs IFN-α signaling through USP18-mediated negative feedback • Interferon efficacy against HDV varies across viral genotypes and cell models • Understanding HDV-IFN interactions is key to optimizing future combination therapies
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Early-life rotavirus infection susceptibility and later gastrointestinal cancer protection: Reverse antagonistic pleiotropy and potential vaccine benefits

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  Highlights • Whole-exome sequencing in severe rotavirus cases identified seven candidate SNPs, several linked to gastrointestinal cancer pathways. • Transcriptomic and epigenomic data supported functional involvement of top candidate genes and suggested roles in cancer progression. • Polygenic risk score analyses indicated reduced gastrointestinal cancer risk among individuals with severe early-life RV infection. • Evidence of recent positive selection in key SNPs supports a model of reverse antagonistic pleiotropy, suggesting early RV susceptibility may confer later-life cancer protection.
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