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How Gastric Microbiota Composition Affects Refractory Helicobacter Pylori Eradication

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Background The relationship between gastric microbiota composition, Helicobacter pylori infection, and eradication outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to explore the association of gastric microbiota composition among patients with refractory H. pylori infection with the outcomes of rescue therapy. Material and Methods Patients who failed to respond to second- or third-line eradication therapies were prospectively enrolled. The composition of the gastric microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing prior to rescue therapy. The eradication outcomes were confirmed using the [ 13 C]-urea breath test. Results Among 1,590 screened participants, 23 patients with refractory H. pylori infection who underwent rescue therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing were enrolled. The alpha diversity did not differ between success and failure groups; however, the beta diversity analysis revealed a distinct microbial composition. The success group was enriched in Streptococ...
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How Fusarium Strain Co-Occurrence Alters Metabolomics in Fusarium Head Blight

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Metabolomics of single-strain & co-cultures of 7 Fusarium strains causing Fusarium head blight reveals metabolic modifications induced by strain co-occurrence. FHB metabolomics reveals species‑specific biomarkers & interaction‑driven shifts in co‑cultures.
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How Active Microbial Processes Function in Earth’s Deepest Seawater

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Hadal microbes show distinct in situ activity, using refractory substrates & diverse electron acceptors to drive unique deep‑ocean biogeochemistry.
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How Hypersaline Brines Drive Microbial Transitions and Carbon Metabolism Plasticity

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Microbial communities shift with salinity and K⁺, altering succession & carbon‑use strategies across evaporation stages.
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How Urbanization Shapes Microbial Communities and Antibiotic Resistance Genes on Coastal Microplastics

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Ecosystem Settings & Urbanization Shape Microbial Communities & Antibiotic Resistance Genes on Coastal microplastics Plastispheres differ by habitat & urbanization, with urban mangroves showing the highest ARG diversity.
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How Lanthipeptide Natural Products Protect Bacteria Against Phage Infection

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Highlights • Genomics-driven discovery of a family of lanthipeptide BGCs with anti-phage function • Anti-phage function is confirmed for 6 lanthipeptides in native or heterologous hosts • Key enzymes and residues are identified for anti-phage function • Lanthivirin expression inhibits phage replication through interaction with proteins
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How the Legionella Effector SidL Modifies 3-Phosphoglycerate via Adenylyltransferase Activity

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Highlights • SidL is an actin-dependent adenylyltransferase that targets host glycolysis • SidL adenylates 3PG to produce 2-AMP-3PG • Expression of SidL in human cells disrupts glycolysis and blocks mTORC1 signaling • Production of 2-AMP-3PG by SidL occurs early during the Legionella infection cycle
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