Mostly Microbes and Infection - by David Ojcius

Highlights • NiV as a highly pathogenic zoonotic agent, poses a persistent and severe threat to global public health. • This review systematically reviews the viral structure and pathogenic mechanisms of NiV. • This review summarizes the progress and breakthroughs in vaccine development and addresses current research limitations. • The review provides theoretical support for the precise prevention and control of NiV.

Highlights • Pristine river ecosystem hosts ESBL ARGs, like bla TEM and bla CTX-M . • The Yamuna River hosts multidrug, fluoroquinolone, fosfomycin, and β-lactam resistance genes. • Predominance of biofilm-forming bacteria and their co-occurrence with the ARGs.

Highlights • Qdr3 coordinates cellular homeostasis in C. auris. • qdr3 deletion remodels mitochondrial function. • Loss of Qdr3 alters biofilm architecture and extracellular matrix production. • qdr3 deletion enhances virulence. • Qdr3 links membrane transport, mitochondrial function, and virulence.

Highlights • C. albicans Th17 cells are restricted to a few proteins contained in fungal EVs • The oral mucosa is a major reservoir of Th17 cells, dominated by C. albicans reactivity • C. albicans -reactive Th17 cells are shared between oral and gut tissues • Homeostatic C. albicans Th17 cells adapt pathogenic traits in Crohn’s disease

Highlights • Single-cell Raman spectroscopy coupled with D 2 O labeling was first applied to Vibrio splendidus persisters. • V. splendidus persisters are metabolically active rather than fully dormant. • Persisters show remodeled cellular components with decreased nucleic acids and increased lipids and polysaccharides. • Vitamin C inhibits persisters by suppressing the stringent response, providing a green anti-persister approach. Abstract Persister cells, a multidrug-tolerant bacterial subpopulation, pose challenges to disease control, with research hindered by technical limitations. In this study, single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS) combined with heavy water (D 2 O) labeling was employed to explore the metabolic activity and compositional changes of Vibrio splendidus persisters. Raman analysis revealed distinct biochemical profiles between persisters and normal cells: persisters reduced nucleic acid-related band intensity but increased lipid and polysaccharide-related bands. Usi...

Highlights • Sublethal oxytetracycline and CuCl 2 elevated per-cell 18S rDNA/rRNA copy numbers, disrupting allometric scaling with cell volume in two ciliated protists. • Oxytetracycline selectively increased rRNA: rDNA ratios, revealing stressor-specific ribosomal regulation. • Both stressors induced persistent intragenomic polymorphisms of 18S rRNA gene. • Pollutant-induced ASV inflation may bias microbial diversity estimates.