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Genome-Based Taxonomy and Provirus Identification in Halococcus from Hypersaline Environments

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Highlights • Halococci differ from other haloarchaea by their thick cell wall structure. • Currently no viruses are known to infect Halococci. • Seven novel Halococcus strains were characterized and the genomes sequenced. • The novel Halococcus strains contain predicted anti-viral defence mechanisms. • Detected proviruses indicate that Halococci are infected by viruses in nature.
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Gut microbiota-derived lysine phenylacetylation impairs mitochondrial function and is alleviated by SIRT3

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Highlights • Lysine phenylacetylation (Kpaa) is a diet- and gut microbiota-derived PTM • Kpaa is enriched in mitochondria and regulated by SIRT3 • High Kpaa impairs mitochondrial function and correlates with MASH • K481 phenylacetylation of HSP60 leads to the mitochondrial unfolded protein response
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Meta-analysis reveals microbiome signatures for colorectal cancer that are universal across age groups and sequencing methods

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Highlights • Gut microbiome CRC signature is universal across age groups and sequencing approaches • Tumor-enriched microbes are concordant with fecal CRC signatures • Increasing dietary fiber intake reduces the microbiome CRC signature score • Fusobacterium subspecies show biogeographic variation in CRC enrichment
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Microbial drivers of soil health: Integrating physical, chemical and biological properties for food security under climate change

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Highlights • Climate stressors restructure soil microhabitats, reassembling microbial guilds that regulate C–N–P cycling and resilience. • Cross-domain feedbacks link pore architecture and soil chemistry to microbiome functions and emergent soil health outcomes. • Rhizosphere mechanisms (exudates, siderophores, ACC deaminase, ISR, AMF/N-fixing symbioses) provide actionable leverage points under stress. • Integrative indicators connect physical, chemical, and biological metrics to soil multifunctionality for monitoring under climate extremes. • Emerging tools (meta-omics, 3D imaging, spectroscopy, isotopic tracing, in situ sensors) enable mechanistic diagnosis and decision support.
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CBASS limits bacteriophage production while maintaining cell viability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Highlights • CBASS antagonizes phage replication while preserving cell viability in P. aeruginosa • 3′,3′-cGAMP-activated CapV targets diverse phages and overcomes CBASS inhibitors • CBASS-sensitive phages transcribe and replicate their genome • CBASS activity limits packaged phage DNA, reducing virion production
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Pathogenesis and Genome Characterization of Translucent Post-larvae Disease-Causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Litopenaeus vannamei

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Highlights • Isolated TPD-causing V. parahaemolyticus strain P40.49 from infected shrimp. • Experimental infection confirmed the pathogenicity of the TPD-causing strain P40.49. • Whole genome sequencing confirmed the presence of ∼69 kbp TPD-associated plasmid. • The shrimp stomach and intestine tissues are ideal for early TPD detection (6 hpi). • Four unique TPD-associated genes may serve as additional markers for TPD detection.
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Functional insights into nucleoside diphosphate kinases encoded by two ndk paralogs in Waddlia chondrophila

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Highlights • W. chondrophila encodes two Ndk paralogs, unlike most Chlamydiota. • ndk genes are early expressed and protein levels peak during bacterial replication. • WcNdk1 is inclusion-bound, while WcNdk2 localizes to host cell compartments. • AZT inhibits bacterial growth and protects host cells from infection-induced death. • AZT sensitivity is linked to ndk2 presence, implicating WcNdk2 as functional target.
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