Mostly Microbes and Infection

  Highlights • Distinct microbial communities are found in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and paired hemodialysis (HD) patients, despite similar microbiome diversity. • Serum p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) levels are significantly lower in PD patients compared to paired HD patients. • Altered microbial composition in PD patients, featuring more opportunistic pathogens and fewer beneficial bacteria, is linked to differences in metabolite profiles. • Fecal transplant experiments confirm that the HD-associated gut microbiota directly leads to higher PCS production. • Targeting the gut microbiota presents a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce uremic toxins in dialysis patients.

  Highlights • Salinity and nutrient availability affect the utilization and secretion of amino acids by deep biosphere microbial consortia • Anoxic deep biosphere enrichment cultures were compared to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans • Amino acids and organic acids were degraded under different nutrient conditions • Phe and Val degradation remained unaffected by changes in nutrient availability • Metabolic pathways involving Phe, Cys and Met were most prominent

  Highlights • Mixed reed and willow vegetation boosts denitrification more than monocultures. • nirK  denitrifiers are major drivers of N removal variation over  nirS . • Soil depth reshapes denitrifiers:  nirS  depth-sensitive,  nirK  nutrient-responsive. • Reed-willow boosts network complexity with depth to foster microbial interactions. • Bradyrhizobium, Sinorhizobiu m, and  Mesorhizobium  are key to mitigating N loss.

  Highlights • Pseudomonas, Escherichia and Prevotella dominated DFU assemblage across visits • Alcaligenes dominated healed DFU while Enterococcus was abundant in worsened DFU • High HbA1c favored Pseudomonas while Prevotella was abundant in lower HbA1c samples • Amputated DFUs had increased abundance of Escherichia and reduced Staphylococcus • Microbiome functional profiles in worsened DFU were enriched in virulence factors

  Highlights • Butyrolactol A synergizes with caspofungin against cryptococci and  Candida auris • BLA restores echinocandin efficacy by targeting the Apt1-Cdc50 flippase complex • Cryo-EM shows BLA traps the Apt1-Cdc50 phospholipid flippase in a dead-end state • BLA blocks lipid transport, disrupts membrane homeostasis, and boosts drug uptake

  Highlights • Viruses are largely overlooked in outdoor aeromicrobiological studies • Based on current knowledge in aeromicrobiology, a total of 10 21  virus particles are estimated to occupy clouds globally • Although very dilute, these may contribute to the atmospheric life cycle of microorganisms • Virus-bacteria interactions in clouds would have many implications in ecology and the Earth’s microbiome

  Highlights • Volume electron microscopy unveils intensive membrane networks in insect symbiotic cells • These tubenets are formed by intracellular bacteria, the insect’s nutritional symbionts • In situ  high spatial resolution chemical analysis shows tubenets’ enrichment in sugar • Bacterial tubenets increase the interface of exchange, maximizing nutrient acquisition