Mostly Microbes and Infection

Parabacteroides goldsteinii   is a Gram-negative, obligately anaerobic bacterium belonging to the genus Parabacteroides within the phylum Bacteroidota and family Tannerellaceae. It is a commensal microorganism naturally present in the human gut microbiota and has attracted increasing scientific interests due to its potential roles in metabolic regulation, immune modulation, and host–microbe interactions.

  Highlights  • Influenza virus infection significantly induces the expression of lncRNA GAS5 via type I/III interferons and IL-6 signal pathways. • LncRNA GAS5 can encode a critical micropeptide GAS5-P50 which facilitates influenza virus replication. • GAS5-p50 interacts with NOTUM to promote the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

  Highlights • First global review linking polyphasic taxonomy to cyanobacterial metabolites in mangroves • Catalogs cyanobacterial strains recognized only by modern morphological and molecular data • Reveals high cyanobacterial diversity across mangrove ecosystem, including novel taxa • Highlights diverse bioactivities: antimicrobial, anticancer, toxins, bioplastic • Bridges taxonomy with biotech applications in drugs, agrochemicals, dyes, biofuels

Highlights • Sexual abstinence activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis • Sexual abstinence promotes tumor progression by inducing pregnenolone production • Pregnenolone facilitates the formation of H3K9me3 to suppress ERV replication • Pregnenolone antagonist is a highly promising candidate for anti-tumor therapy

  Highlights • The gut metagenome is correlated with a host’s exhaled breath volatilome • We devise a method to capture mouse breath using a murine ventilator • Gnotobiotic mouse models help identify microbial contributions to exhaled breath • The breath volatilome can signal the presence of the asthma-associated species  E. sireaum

  Highlights • Development of mouse model that closely mimics Haemophilus influenzae-mediated COPD exacerbation. • Gene targeting approach reveals that cytosolic phospholipase 2-a (cPLA2-a) alters lung inflammatory response using COPD exacerbation experimental model. • Also, cPLA2-a contributes to airway epithelium thickening in this clinical manifestation. • Novel mechanism of bacterial infection-mediated COPD exacerbation involving cPLA2a.

The   history of dental treatments   dates back to thousands of years.   The scope of this article is limited to the pre-1981   history .

  Highlights • BPR2-D2, a coumarin derivative, is able to inhibit Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) RNA replication with a high selective index. • BPR2-D2 can inhibit replication of Sindbis virus, which is an arthritogenic alphavirus as CHIKV • The CHIKV replicon systems, which can be surrogates for studying CHIKV RNA replication, are applicable and convenient for antiviral screening.

  Highlights • Alternative splicing has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of genes • Intron retention is the most frequent alternative splicing event in fungi • We critically identified the gaps in the role of alternative splicing in fungi • We proposed a practical roadmap to fill these gaps.

Porphyromonas gingivalis  is a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, known for its ability to invade gingival epithelial cells and persist intracellularly. Conventional antimicrobials are often ineffective against intracellular pathogens, and natural products remain poorly explored in this context. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of  Boswellia serrata  extract and its bioactive compounds on the dynamics of  P. gingivalis  infection   in human gingival epithelial cells. During early times of infection,  B. serrata  extracts stimulate endocytic mechanisms and increased bacterial internalization, suggesting a modulation of epithelial uptake mechanisms. At later times of infection,  B. serrata  increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in host cells and markedly reduced intracellular bacterial load. The antimicrobial effect was abolished by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, confirming a role for oxidative mechanis...

  Highlights • Senescent cells drive aging, chronic disease, and tissue dysfunction • Senotherapeutics span senolytics, senomorphics, immunotherapy, and restoration • Target selection, screening readouts, and delivery platforms are linked to senescent-state biology to improve selectivity and translation

  Highlights • Cancer cells hijack mitochondria from many immune cells • Mitochondria loss by immune cells impairs innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity • Fusion of hijacked and endogenous cancer cell mitochondria triggers cGAS STING activation • cGAS-STING activation promotes lymph node metastasis through type I interferon signaling

  Highlight • T6SS effector TseVF demonstrates apparent bacterial killing activity in the periplasm. • TseVF interacts with phosphate lipid molecules and compromises the integrity of the cell membrane. • The C-terminal region of TseVF is responsible for its bactericidal activity. 4. TsiVF binds to and neutralizes TseVF toxicity. • TseVF secretion and bactericidality requires the C terminus of a cognate VgrG protein (TssI2_b).

  Highlights • A total of 833 glacier-derived potential pathogens were identified across habitats. • Altitude and TOC drive distinct patterns of pathogen diversity in glacier habitats. • Moraine and cryoconite are key sources of downstream pathogen dispersal. • Community assembly is mainly stochastic, with network structure shaping selection. • Cryospheric biosafety risks emerge via airborne and meltwater transmission pathways.

Parabacteroides   is a   Gram-negative ,   anaerobic , non- spore -forming genus from the family   Tannerellaceae . First isolated from fecal specimen in 1933, type strain  Parabacteroides distasonis  was originally classified under the name  Bacteroides distasonis.  The strain was re-classified to form the new genus  Parabacteroides  in 2006.  Parabacteroides  currently comprise 21 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diverse species, 11 of which are listed in the taxonomic database 

  Highlights • Bacillus  sp. HC-9 controls honeysuckle leaf spot caused by  A. alternata. • Strain HC-9 inhibits eight phytopathogenic fungi with strong antifungal activity. • Strain HC-9 induces ROS and activates defense enzymes in honeysuckle leaves. • Field trials show HC-9 achieves up to 80.52% disease control efficiency.

  Highlights • Identification of the TamA protein as a highly conserved antigen across diverse  Klebsiella pneumoniae  strains, making it an ideal target for a broad-spectrum subunit vaccine. • Development and evaluation of a recombinant TamA protein vaccine that significantly enhances immune protection against a highly virulent  Klebsiella pneumoniae  infection in a murine model. • Demonstration of TamA-induced specific antibodies that effectively inhibit bacterial adherence to epithelial cells, thereby reducing bacterial load and pathological damage in vaccinated mice. • Significant survival benefit observed in TamA-vaccinated mice, with 80 % surviving over 10 days following a lethal dose challenge, compared to controls that survived less than 48 h. • Reduction in tissue bacterial loads and cytokine levels, along with mitigation of pathological changes in TamA-immunized mice, supporting the potential of TamA as a candidate vaccine for preventing  Klebsiel...

Chlamydiosen   sind durch verschiedene   Chlamydien   (bestimmte   Bakterienarten ) verursachte   Infektionskrankheiten . Sie betreffen das   Auge   (als   Trachom ), die   Atemwege   und die   Lunge   (als   Pneumonie ) und den   Urogenitaltrakt   (Harn- und Geschlechtsorgane) als   sexuell übertragene Krankheit .

  Highlights • Phospholipid diversity shapes membrane properties for growth and stress adaptation • Bacteria remodel phospholipid head groups and acyl chains to resist antimicrobials • Phospholipid and its metabolism serve as promising potential antibacterial targets

  Highlights • First systematic report of  Niallia taxi  BN5 with plant growth-promoting (PGP) activity, filling the  Niallia  PGP mechanism gap (previously studied for bioremediation/antibacterial functions). • Multi-omics (genome/transcriptome/qPCR) show BN5 has a complete trp operon for constitutive IAA biosynthesis (17.64 μg/mL); tryptophan regulates trp/motility genes. • BN5 enhances cucumber growth (height +24.29%, stem +11.23%), yield (+17.55%) and quality (vitamin C +17.2%, soluble sugar +37.41%) in pot/greenhouse trials. • BN5 reshapes rhizosphere microbiomes (enriches  Bacillus / Pseudomonas ) and elevates soil enzymes, providing a microbial resource for sustainable agriculture.

Many shots seem to have “off-target” benefits, such as lowering the risk of dementia, studies have found.

  Highlights • Distinct microbial communities are found in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and paired hemodialysis (HD) patients, despite similar microbiome diversity. • Serum p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) levels are significantly lower in PD patients compared to paired HD patients. • Altered microbial composition in PD patients, featuring more opportunistic pathogens and fewer beneficial bacteria, is linked to differences in metabolite profiles. • Fecal transplant experiments confirm that the HD-associated gut microbiota directly leads to higher PCS production. • Targeting the gut microbiota presents a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce uremic toxins in dialysis patients.